cd

• Usage
  • To change directories
• Examples

cd temp # browses to the directory called temp
cd /usr/bin # browses to /usr/bin folder
cd - # browse to previous directory
cd .. # browse to the parent direcotry
cd ../../ #browse 2 parent directories behind

pwd

• Usage

  • To print current working directory

• Examples

  pwd # simply lists the current folder you are in
  

ls

• Usage

  • To list all the files and directories

• Examples

  ls # lists current directory
  ls -l # list current directory with details
  ls -a # list all the hidden files
  ls -R # list recursively
  

  <p class="callout info">Please note, you can combine a number of the switches in one query rather than running them one by one. e.g. ls -lah</p>

mkdir

• Usage

  • to create a new directory

• Examples

  mkdir directory #create a folder with the name directory
  mkidr -p directory/data #create a folder with a subfolder called data
  

cp

• Usage

  • Copy a file from one place to another

• Examples

  cp hash /temp #copies file into the specified folder
  cp hash hash1 #copies the content of a file into a different one
  cp -r folder1/ folder2/ #copies the folder with it's content into a folder called folder2
  

mv

• Usage

  • To move a file from one place to another, also can be used to rename a file.

• Examples

  mv file1 ../ #moves the file from the current folder to the parent folder
  mv file1 file2 #renames file1 to file2